Fig. 4

iPSC-MSC-EXOs ameliorated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte senescence via inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation. A Representative images showing the fragmented mitochondria in control, DOX, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs, DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs + FCCP, and DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs + FCCP-treated NMCMs. B Quantitative measurement of fragmented mitochondria in NMCMs from the different groups. C Representative SA-β-gal staining images in control, DOX, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs, DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs + FCCP, and DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs + FCCP-treated NMCMs. D Quantitative measurement of SA-β-gal positive NMCMs from the different groups. E Western blotting and quantitative measurement of the protein level of p-Drp1/Drp1, Mfn1/2, p16 and p21 in control, DOX, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs, DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs, DOX + BM-MSC-EXOs + FCCP, and DOX + iPSC-MSC-EXOs + FCCP-treated NMCMs. n = 3 biological replicates for each group. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns = not significant